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"Three years a young dog, three years a good dog, three years an old dog"

Temperament and Behavior

• needs lots of human companionship; must be a full member of the family; a dog that must be allowed inside the house
• gentle and calm once mature if well socialized and trained
• very good with children and other animals
• affectionate and loving when well socialized
• intelligent, but needs patient, positive, consistent training
• seldom nuisance barkers
• good watch dogs but not guard dogs
• may be reserved around strangers but not shy or fearful if given proper socialization when young
• moderate activity level, a fine walking companion but lacking the endurance of lighter boned breeds
• a working breed that was originally used for draft work and light duty cattle herding

Expenses

• purchase cost varies widely around the country, but $1,500 to $1,800 is typical
• males and females should cost the same
• $350 for first year routine vet care
• $200 per year for routine adult vet care
• $150 per year for miscellaneous vet care
• $50 per month in food
• $180 for 20 hours of basic puppy and obedience classes
• home and yard improvements such as fencing or a run

Health and Fitness

• the typical life span is between 6 and 9 years
• cancers (histiocytosis in particular) are a serious problem and common cause of early death
• joint problems are common including hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears
• eye problems are concern - progressive retinal atrophy, entropian and ectropian
• serious autoimmune problems and kidney problems are known
• the Berner-Garde data base tracks many health problems and can be accessed by breeders and potential owners.

Miscellaneous

• 65 to 95 pounds for females; 80 to 115 pounds for males
• males 25-27-1/2 inches at the withers, bitches 23-26 inches
• heavy shedding once or twice a year and for some dogs throughout the year
• coat naturally repels dirt; regular brushing but only occasional bathing is required.
• a few are prone to drooling
• not a natural retriever
• not naturally inclined to hunting, though some chase squirrels, etc.
• not naturally a water dog but some take to swimming for fun